Design of reversible pump turbine for its prospective. There are pumps that use pistons and diaphragms and even screws rather than vanes to move the material. It converts the energy provided by a prime mover, such as an electric motor, steam turbine, or. The difference between the two is easily seen when viewing the blades from the end. These pumped storage system use a single pumpturbine unit i. Supercharger allows more fuel to be burned and thereby more work is said to be done per cycle which increases the power output of the engine. The turbine is one which convert the kinetic energy of the wind into the electrical energy while pump is a device which convert. In case of a pump the fluid either liquid or gas is moved from one place to another. The blue pump curve represents either of these options. Using a pump as a turbine pat in an mhp is not merely a replacement of a conventional turbine by another machine which might be a little less expensive and. The form of the outer casing reduces water velocity and eventual pressure by creating an equal flow of water as it moves around the spiral toward the nozzle.
Therefore if a centrifugal pump is operated in reverse mode, it can function as a francis turbine. The pump is generally supplied with a mechanical seal as standard. The discharge static head is the amount of head required at the discharge of the pump. Text headings in each module are linked to and f\ rom the table of contents for that module. A pump as turbine or pat, otherwise known as a pump in reverse, is an unconventional type of reaction water turbine, which behaves in a similar manner to that of a francis turbine. A submersible pump is a pump which has a hermetically sealed motor closecoupled to the pump body. A pump absorbs useful energy and converts it to kinetic energy and gives it to a fluid stream. The liquid flows through the inlet nozzle and passageways on each side of the impeller the rotating element and is recirculated constantly between the vanes or teeth of the impeller and passageways as the impeller rotates. Difference between pump and turbine basic difference. Energy efficiency considerations in pumps and pump stations.
The primary difference between turbine and volute pumps is the presence or lack of diffusion vanes. Thepower is transmitted with hardly any wear, there is no mech anical contact between the powertransmitting parts. Khalil encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 1. Turbo machines turbo machine is defined as a device that extracts energy of imparts energy to a continuously flowing stream of fluid by the dynamic action of one or more rotating blade rows. The shaft toque the torque that the shaft applies to the rotor and the rotation of the rotor are in the same direction, energy is transferred from the shaft to the rotor and from the rotor to the fluid.
Typical pump efficiencies pump only brake, no motor nonclog centrifugal, 25 hp. This portable document format \ pdf \ file contains bookmarks, thumbnails, and hyperlinks to help you navigate through the document. Open channel flow specific energy and rapid transitions hydraulic jumps slowly varying flow open channel control structures 3. Bernouliis equation between start of pipe, pump unknown v in pump represented by net positive suction head npsh on manufacturers pump curves to prevent. What we now need is a new pump which will operate with its best efficiency point at c. May 02, 2018 what is the difference between impulse turbine and reaction turbine. Pump headflow curves are typically given for clear water. Turbine pump the corken coroflo is a special type of pump known as a regenerative turbine.
Pumps and pumping system bureau of energy efficiency 118 figure 6. The impeller is overhung, a common construction for centrifugal pumps. The chief difference between centrifugal and regenerative turbine pumps is in the impeller. The function of a pat is comparable to that of any turbine, to convert kinetic and pressure energy of the fluid into mechanical energy of the runner. Now they are mostly used for electric power generation. The pelton wheel is among the most efficient types of water turbines. Aug 22, 2015 i hope this will help you out what are you looking for. A compressor squeezes the volume of a gas and commonly pumps it elsewhere. What is total head 10 what is the relationship between head and total head 11. Pump is a device which transfers mechanical energy to fluid.
V 2 2 2 g 9 shaft torque and subsequent shaft work for the backswept pump is calculated through equation 10 and equation 11. Dear engineers would you please tell me the differences between mechanical drive turbine and power generator turbine. Water turbines are mostly found in dams to generate electric power from water potential energy. Motors are literally everywhere in your computer, hair dryer, electric shaver, coffee grinder, dishwasher, and microwave. In the regenerative turbine pump a double row of vanes is cut in the impellers rim, fig.
Discuss the primary difference between a positive displacement turbomachine and a dynamic turbomachine. As the name suggests, it relies on the principal of centrifugal force. Review different pump types commonly used understand the difference between centrifugal pumps and positive displacement pumps understand the working principle of the tuthill. Pumps, turbines and pipe networks moment of momentum revisited types of pumps and turbines and uses pumppipe systems, networks 2.
The whole assembly is submerged in the fluid to be pumped. Reversible pump turbine to efficiently and economically store electrical energy during periods of low demand to meet peak load demands 8. The pump from transforms energy from the outside to work on the media, resulting in a net increase of the media energy level see pumps transferring the water. As the differential pressure increases, the horsepower required to drive the pump increases but the capacity decreases. A closer look at different types of pumps and compressors. Difference between pump and motor difference between. Centrifugal pump definition centrifugal pump can be defined as a mechanical device used to transfer liquid of various types. In this article, we are going to discuss what turbine and pump are, the operational principles behind turbine and pump, the types and variations of turbines and pumps, and finally the difference between turbine and pump. Energy efficiency considerations in pumps and pump stations jeff foray, p. Although he believe that the vertical pump will work since both are having same specifications, however, he did not could not answer my question about the main difference.
Therefore, the pump head is the discharge head minus the suction head, and this is known as the total static head. Centrifugal pumps the centrifugal pump produces a head and a flow by increasing the velocity of the liquid through the machine with the help of a rotating vane impeller. A comparison between the pump and turbine cavitation behavior is a significant and essential process. Pelton turbine or wheel is an impulsive turbine used mainly for high head hydroelectric schemes.
Jun 28, 2016 centrifugal pumps designed to move water from a well or reservoir that is deep underground. Pelton wheel is the preferred turbine for hydropower when the available water source has a relatively high hydraulic head at low flow rates. Most pumps are driven by either electric motors or fuel engines. Original instructions if101q installation, operation. Installation and operating manual t with gpkx turbo. The key difference between isomerization and hydroisomerization is that isomerization refers to the conversion of the structure of one compound to its isomeric structure whereas hydroisomerization is the conversion of one isomeric form into another of alkane hydrocarbons via an alkene intermediate isomers are chemical compounds having the same chemical formula but different. The speed of the pump can be reduced or the existing impeller can be trimmed or new lower size impeller. Mar 30, 2020 this is a detailed explanation of the supercharger and turbocharger, and also i mentioned the difference between supercharger and turbo charger.
The choice of pump for a given application depends largely on how the pump headflow characteristics match the requirement of the system downstream of the pump. The performance of a pump will have different best efficiency point bep flow parameters when operating as a turbine. In a hydroelectric power plant, this is used to drive the generator of the turbine and that generator generates the mechanical energy of the turbine into electrical energy. The turbine is one which convert the kinetic energy of the wind into the electrical energy while pump is a device which convert the rotational energy of it s impeller into the pressure energy of the fluid. In addition to failures in turbine generators, bearing failures in other rotating equipment, including pumps, fans, and. The greater mass flowrate provides more oxygen to support combustion in the cylinder compared to the naturally aspirated engine. Fundamentals of fluid mechanics chapter 12 pumps and. The modules listed in the overview are linked to the corresponding pages. Understanding vertical turbine pump operation read. If you have any doubts, feel free to ask in the comments section. The fluid power is converted into kinetic energy in the nozzles. Similarly, turbine head in equation 9 is a summation of the difference between the squared inlet and outlet turbine relative velocities plus the static head that the turbine is operating at. Hydraulic turbines difference between impulse and reaction hydraulic turbines. They are commonly commercialized as composite pump and.
While pumps can use liquids or gases, compressors for the most part work only with gas. Some turbine vanes use aerodynamics or airfoil shapes to push air at maximum efficiency. Turbo machines turbo machine is defined as a device that extracts energy of imparts energy to a continuously flowing stream of fluid by the dynamic action of one or more. A constant amount of operating fluid is in the coupling. Simulinkmatlab model for assessing the use of a centrifugal. The key difference between isomerization and hydroisomerization is that isomerization refers to the conversion of the structure of one compound to its isomeric structure whereas hydroisomerization is the conversion of one isomeric form into another of alkane hydrocarbons via an alkene intermediate isomers are chemical compounds having the same chemical formula but different chemical structures. Motor is an electromechanical device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. The pump is the device which does the work on the fluid in order to get it to a higher energy or entropy state. Centrifugal pumps designed to move water from a well or reservoir that is deep underground.
A turbine can be as simple as a straight vane like a starfish or a curved vane like use in jet engines. This document details the design process of a 97 kw microhydro system for. Difference between pump and turbine green mechanic. Design of a pump microhydro system design of a pumpasturbine. A study on the use of existing pump as turbine e3s web of.
Hydropower from pumpsasturbines brazil is known for its use of hydropower, but when a small, remote tourism complex in a brazilian nature reserve needed additional power supply, a conventional hydropower solution was deemed too expensive. Power generator turbine posted in industrial professionals. A pump increases the energy of the fluid stream whereas a turbine decreases the energy. Difference between pump and turbine compare the difference. What is the difference between a turbine and a pump. Compare the difference between similar terms difference. Nearly all facilities use the height difference between two natural bodies of. Introduction to fluid machinery turbines, pumps, blowers. The worn investigates feasibility of turbine using existing. The predicted characteristic lacks some accuracy in comparison to the real pat characteristic found through testing, but its optimal point of operation is in line with.
Mechanical engineering types and performance of pumps and compressors essam e. In impulse turbine all the pressure energy is converted to kinetic energy but in reaction turbine a part of the pressure energy is converted to kinetic energy and rest remains as pressure energy. Both wheels are provided with bearings relative to each other. Turbine generator bearing failures are a leading cause of power plant unavailability and can cause serious damage not only to bearing systems but also to rotors, stators, and nearby equipment. The performance or characteristic curve of the pump. Design of reversible pump turbine for its prospective application in nepal niroj maharjan, sailesh chitrakar and ravi koirala turbine testing lab, department of mechanical engineering, kathmandu university abstract most hydropower plants in nepal are runoff type, which cannot supply the designed amount of energy during dry season. The difference in the pressure of water when the entrance to the turbine and exists to the turbine after striking the runner blades is too high, due to more amount of pressure difference, the air molecules which are relatively at high pressure then the water. The turbine extracts the energy carried by a fluid usually enthalpy energy as in steam power plants,or potential energy an in turbines installed on water falls through. Pump and turbine are two devices that are widely used in many industries. But there are other simpler options rather than replacing the pump. Sep 30, 2012 in this article, we are going to discuss what turbine and pump are, the operational principles behind turbine and pump, the types and variations of turbines and pumps, and finally the difference between turbine and pump. Highpressure pump power recovery turbine fresh water model sp fig. If the shaft of a centrifugal pump is turning at the same revolutions per minute, a pump will pump to the same height regardless of what type fluid.
Its main elements consist of two blade wheels the pump impeller and the turbine wheel enclosed by a shell. In volute pumps there are no diffusion vanes, but rather the outer casing is a spiral. One supplier has the same pump specifications except that his pump is an inline vertical pump. Compare the difference between similar terms difference between. Fundamentals of fluid mechanics chapter 12 pumps and turbines. In fact, we are using an inline horizontal centrifugal pump and want to replace it. In an impulse turbine the blades are symmetrical about the plane of the turbine wheel carrying the blades whereas in a reaction turbine they are not. Pumps use mechanical energy to transfer these fluids. General mechanical interview questions engineering basic. Also known a deep well turbine pump or a line shaft turbine pump, it is one of two main types of turbine. In recent years, many combinedcycle thermal power plants have been constructed because they use, as a fuel feed pump discharge pressure pressure mpa boiler pressure approx. Installation and operating manual version 7 3626011701 en protection c lass 0.
What is the difference between a turbine and a centrifugal. Whats the difference between a pump and a compressor. A vertical turbine pump is a vertical turbine pumps are primarily used when a submersible pump is not possible or because the application is engineering you, hydraulic turbines. A turbine is a turbine, which covert fuel gas chemical energy or steam heat energy to rotation energy.
The turbine does the exact opposite as it absorbs energy from a fluid stream and converts it to work. A water turbine is a rotary machine that converts kinetic energy and potential energy of water into mechanical work water turbines were developed in the 19th century and were widely used for industrial power prior to electrical grids. Give an example of each for both pumps and turbines. Difference between pump and compressor difference between. It converts the energy provided by a prime mover, such as an electric motor, steam turbine, or gasoline engine, to energy. The difference in the pressure of water when the entrance to the turbine and exists to the turbine after striking the runner blades is too high, due to more amount of pressure difference, the air molecules which are relatively at high pressure then the water comes out, enters the turbine casing in the form of bubbles. How to select a centrifugal pump examples of total head calculations sizing a pump for a home owner application 14. Figure 5 and figure 6 clarify the concept of flow areas and blade symmetry. The low speed difference between pump impeller and turbine wheel the socalled rated slip results in a stationary flow condition in the coupling. A positivedisplacement turbomachine is a device that contains a closed volume. If you use the turbine rotation energy to run compressor or pump to increase the fluid mechanical energy, the turbine will be categoried as mechanical drive turbine. Regenerative turbine pump vs centrifugal pump duration. Turbine sumps turbine sumps are designed to provide access to the turbine area above the tank. The resulting jet of water is directed tangentially at buckets on the.
The pump has to supply the difference between these two. Difference between pump and motor categorized under technology difference between pump and motor both pumps and motors are mechanical devices used for a varied range of engineering works. Supercharger vs turbocharger detailed explanation with pdf. The turbine area may house the submersible turbine pump head, piping, line leak detectors, interstitial monitoring devices, wiring, and other equipment. Free electricity generator 220v cfl energy light bulb new ac electric generator 2019 new experiment duration. The most common example of a pump is the windmill or a watermill to pump water. The main advantage of this type of pump is that it prevents pump cavitation, a problem associated with a high elevation difference between pump and the fluid surface.
1406 633 524 1074 14 165 1072 746 1169 726 557 892 1182 1428 1545 1165 439 84 5 131 1317 1277 1179 54 426 417 1333 1505 302 579 1233 721 417 1373 217 1147 620 125 660 252 287 494 1463 744 366